Natural Glucosamine for Dogs: A Comprehensive Outline
Introduction
Glucosamine is a naturally occurring substance that is found in the cartilage of animals. It is essential for maintaining the health and flexibility of joints. As dogs age, their bodies produce less glucosamine, which can lead to joint pain and stiffness. Natural glucosamine supplements can help to replenish these levels and improve joint function.
Benefits of Natural Glucosamine for Dogs
Natural glucosamine has several benefits for dogs, including:
- Reduces joint pain and stiffness: Glucosamine helps to lubricate and protect the joints, reducing pain and improving mobility.
- Improves joint function: Glucosamine helps to rebuild cartilage and reduce inflammation, which can improve joint function and prevent further damage.
- Supports healthy joint structure: Glucosamine is a key component of cartilage, and it helps to maintain the structure and integrity of joints.
Sources of Natural Glucosamine
Natural glucosamine can be obtained from several sources, including:
- Seafood: Shellfish, such as shrimp and crab, are good sources of glucosamine.
- Animal products: Chicken, beef, and pork are also good sources of glucosamine.
- Green-lipped mussel: Green-lipped mussels are a particularly rich source of glucosamine and other joint-supporting nutrients.
- Glucosamine supplements: Glucosamine supplements are available in various forms, including capsules, tablets, and powders.
How to Choose a Natural Glucosamine Supplement
When choosing a natural glucosamine supplement for your dog, it is important to consider the following factors:
- Source: Look for supplements that are made from natural sources, such as seafood or green-lipped mussels.
- Dosage: The dosage of glucosamine will vary depending on the size and weight of your dog. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions carefully.
- Ingredients: Choose supplements that are free from fillers, artificial flavors, and preservatives.
- Quality: Look for supplements that have been tested and certified for quality and purity.
Administration of Natural Glucosamine
Natural glucosamine supplements can be given to dogs orally, mixed with food or water. It is important to be consistent with administration to ensure that your dog is getting the full benefits of the supplement.
Cautions
Glucosamine is generally safe for dogs, but it can cause side effects in some animals, such as:
- Gastrointestinal upset
- Allergic reactions
- Increased blood sugar levels
If your dog experiences any side effects from taking glucosamine, discontinue use and consult with your veterinarian.
Conclusion
Natural glucosamine can be a beneficial supplement for dogs with joint pain and stiffness. By providing your dog with an adequate intake of glucosamine, you can help to maintain their joint health and mobility and improve their overall quality of life. However, it is important to choose a high-quality supplement and administer it properly to ensure that your dog receives the full benefits of this natural compound.
Introduction
Introduction
Glucosamine is a naturally occurring compound found in the body that plays a crucial role in the health and function of joints. It is an amino sugar that helps form the building blocks of cartilage, the protective tissue that cushions and lubricates the joints. As dogs age or suffer from joint conditions, the production of glucosamine can decline, leading to joint discomfort, stiffness, and reduced mobility.
Benefits of Natural Glucosamine Supplements
Natural glucosamine supplements provide a safe and effective way to support joint health in dogs. Here are some key benefits:
- Reduced Joint Pain and Inflammation: Glucosamine has anti-inflammatory properties that help reduce pain and swelling in joints affected by arthritis or other conditions.
- Improved Joint Mobility: Glucosamine helps to maintain the integrity of cartilage and lubricate joints, improving flexibility and range of motion.
- Reduced Joint Stiffness: Glucosamine promotes the production of synovial fluid, which acts as a lubricant in joints, reducing stiffness and promoting smoother movement.
- Protection from Joint Damage: Glucosamine may help protect cartilage from degradation, slowing the progression of joint disease and maintaining joint health over time.
Sources of Natural Glucosamine
Natural glucosamine can be derived from various sources, including:
- Eggshells: Eggshells are a rich source of glucosamine. They can be crushed and added to a dog’s food as a supplement.
- Green-Lipped Mussels: These mussels contain high levels of glucosamine and other joint-supporting nutrients. Supplements made from green-lipped mussels are available for dogs.
- Shark Cartilage: Shark cartilage is a good source of glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate, another important joint supplement.
- Bone Broth: Bone broth contains glucosamine and other beneficial nutrients that support joint health.
Choosing the Right Supplement
When selecting a natural glucosamine supplement for your dog, consider the following factors:
- Purity and Quality: Look for supplements that are made from high-quality ingredients and free from contaminants.
- Dosage: Follow the recommended dosage instructions on the supplement label. The dosage may vary depending on the dog’s size, weight, and specific needs.
- Form: Glucosamine supplements come in various forms, such as tablets, powders, and chewables. Choose a form that is easy for your dog to consume.
Conclusion
Natural glucosamine supplements can be a valuable addition to your dog’s diet to support joint health and mobility. By providing a safe and effective source of this essential nutrient, you can help reduce pain and inflammation, improve joint flexibility, and protect against joint damage. Consult with your veterinarian to determine the best glucosamine supplement for your dog’s individual needs. Remember, early intervention is key to maintaining joint health and ensuring your canine companion lives a long and active life.
Sources of Natural Glucosamine
Glucosamine, a naturally occurring substance found in the body, plays a crucial role in maintaining joint health and mobility in our beloved canine companions. While commercial supplements often offer synthetic glucosamine, there are an array of natural sources that can provide your furry friend with this essential compound.
Green-Lipped Mussels: A Sea of Goodness
Green-lipped mussels, native to New Zealand, are a rich source of natural glucosamine. These marine mollusks have been traditionally used by the Maori people to treat joint inflammation and pain. Scientific studies have confirmed the anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective effects of green-lipped mussel extract, making it an excellent choice for dogs with osteoarthritis and other joint conditions.
Chondroitin: A Joint-Supporting Duo
Chondroitin, another naturally occurring compound, often works synergistically with glucosamine to enhance joint health. It helps to maintain the structural integrity of cartilage, which cushions and protects bones during movement. A combination of glucosamine and chondroitin has been shown to reduce joint pain, stiffness, and inflammation, improving mobility and overall well-being in dogs.
Perna Canaliculus: A Precious Resource from the Pacific
Perna canaliculus, another species of green-lipped mussel, is also a valuable source of natural glucosamine. It contains a unique combination of nutrients, including omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants, which contribute to joint health and overall well-being. Perna canaliculus extract has been clinically proven to reduce joint pain and improve function in dogs with osteoarthritis.
Choosing the Right Natural Glucosamine Source
When selecting a natural glucosamine source for your dog, there are a few key factors to consider:
- Purity and Quality: Opt for products that use high-quality, ethically sourced ingredients.
- Concentration: The ideal concentration of glucosamine for dogs varies depending on their size and condition. Consult with your veterinarian for personalized guidance.
- Form: Glucosamine is available in various forms, including tablets, powders, and liquids. Choose the most convenient and palatable option for your pet.
Introducing Natural Glucosamine to Your Dog’s Diet
Before introducing any supplements to your dog’s diet, it’s crucial to consult with your veterinarian. They can assess your dog’s individual needs and recommend an appropriate dosage and form of natural glucosamine.
Start with a small amount of glucosamine and gradually increase the dosage as tolerated. Monitor your dog’s response closely for any signs of improvement or adverse effects.
Benefits of Natural Glucosamine for Dogs
Incorporating natural glucosamine into your dog’s diet can offer a range of benefits, including:
- Reduced joint pain and inflammation
- Improved mobility and flexibility
- Maintained joint structure and function
- Enhanced overall well-being
Conclusion
Natural glucosamine, derived from sources such as green-lipped mussels, chondroitin, and Perna canaliculus, can be a valuable tool for supporting joint health and mobility in dogs. By choosing high-quality natural sources and following your veterinarian’s guidelines, you can harness the benefits of glucosamine to improve your furry friend’s quality of life and keep them active and happy.
Benefits of Natural Glucosamine
Glucosamine, a naturally occurring compound found in the cartilage and synovial fluid around joints, plays a crucial role in maintaining joint health. As dogs age or experience certain joint conditions, their bodies may have difficulty producing sufficient glucosamine, leading to inflammation, pain, and mobility issues. Natural glucosamine supplements can provide the necessary support to alleviate these concerns and promote overall joint well-being.
1. Reduces Joint Inflammation
Glucosamine has potent anti-inflammatory properties. It blocks the production of enzymes that break down cartilage, preventing further joint damage and inflammation. By reducing inflammation, glucosamine helps alleviate pain, making it easier for dogs to move freely and comfortably.
2. Improves Joint Mobility
Natural glucosamine acts as a lubricant in the joint, reducing friction and improving mobility. It increases the production of synovial fluid, the thick liquid that cushions and lubricates joints. This fluid allows bones to move smoothly against each other, reducing stiffness and pain.
3. Protects Cartilage from Damage
Cartilage, the flexible tissue that cushions the ends of bones, is essential for joint mobility and shock absorption. Glucosamine supports cartilage health by stimulating the production of collagen and other building blocks. It also inhibits the activity of enzymes that break down cartilage, preventing further damage and promoting joint longevity.
4. Clinical Evidence
Numerous clinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of natural glucosamine for dogs with joint problems. One study found that glucosamine reduced pain and lameness by 25% in dogs with osteoarthritis. Another study showed that glucosamine improved joint mobility and function in dogs with hip dysplasia.
5. Safe and Effective
Glucosamine is generally safe and well-tolerated by most dogs, although some may experience mild digestive upset. It is recommended to consult with your veterinarian before giving glucosamine to your pet, especially if they have any existing medical conditions.
Types of Natural Glucosamine Supplements
Natural glucosamine supplements for dogs come in various forms, including tablets, chews, and powders. When choosing a supplement, look for products that contain glucosamine hydrochloride or glucosamine sulfate, which are the most bioavailable forms. It is also important to consider the dosage and frequency of administration based on your dog’s size and weight.
Conclusion
Natural glucosamine supplements offer numerous benefits for dogs with joint problems. They reduce inflammation, improve mobility, protect cartilage from damage, and promote overall joint health. By providing your dog with adequate glucosamine, you can help them maintain a comfortable and active lifestyle, even as they age. Consult with your veterinarian to determine the best dosage and type of glucosamine supplement for your pet’s specific needs.
Dosage and Administration
Glucosamine, a natural compound found in the cartilage of animals, plays a crucial role in maintaining joint health and mobility. As dogs age or suffer from joint conditions like arthritis, their bodies produce less glucosamine, leading to inflammation and pain. To address this issue, supplementing with natural glucosamine can provide significant benefits.
Benefits of Natural Glucosamine for Dogs
- Supports joint health: Glucosamine helps rebuild and repair damaged cartilage, reducing inflammation and improving joint function.
- Relieves pain and stiffness: It acts as a natural pain reliever by inhibiting the production of inflammatory enzymes.
- Promotes mobility: Glucosamine helps increase range of motion, allowing dogs to move more freely and comfortably.
- Reduces limping: By reducing pain and inflammation, glucosamine helps minimize lameness and improves overall mobility.
Dosage and Administration
The appropriate dosage of natural glucosamine for dogs depends on their weight:
- Dogs under 20 lbs: 500-750 mg daily
- Dogs 20-50 lbs: 750-1,000 mg daily
- Dogs 50-75 lbs: 1,000-1,500 mg daily
- Dogs over 75 lbs: 1,500-2,000 mg daily
Administration:
Glucosamine supplements are typically available in tablet, capsule, or liquid form. Administer the supplement orally on a regular basis, following the dosage instructions provided by your veterinarian or the supplement manufacturer. It’s important to give the supplement with food to reduce the risk of stomach upset.
Choosing a Natural Glucosamine Supplement
When selecting a natural glucosamine supplement for your dog, consider the following factors:
- Purity: Opt for supplements that contain 100% pure glucosamine sulfate, without any added fillers or ingredients.
- Form: Choose a form that is easy for your dog to consume and digest.
- Dosage: Ensure that the supplement provides an appropriate dosage based on your dog’s weight.
- Veterinary recommendation: Consult with your veterinarian before giving your dog any supplements to discuss dosage and potential interactions with other medications.
Monitoring and Side Effects
Most dogs tolerate natural glucosamine supplements well, but it’s important to monitor your dog for any side effects, such as:
- Stomach upset
- Diarrhea
- Constipation
- Allergic reactions
If you notice any adverse effects, discontinue use and consult with your veterinarian.
Conclusion
Natural glucosamine supplements can provide significant benefits for dogs with joint pain and mobility issues. By following the recommended dosage and administration guidelines, you can help your dog maintain healthy joints and improve their overall well-being. However, it’s crucial to consult with your veterinarian before giving your dog any supplements to ensure they are safe and appropriate for your pet’s individual needs.
Considerations
Glucosamine is a naturally occurring substance found in the cartilage and synovial fluid of joints. It plays a vital role in maintaining joint health and flexibility. As dogs age, their bodies may produce less glucosamine, leading to joint stiffness, pain, and inflammation. Supplementing with natural glucosamine can help support joint health and alleviate discomfort.
Benefits of Natural Glucosamine
- Reduces pain and inflammation
- Improves joint mobility and flexibility
- Protects against cartilage degeneration
- Helps repair damaged cartilage
- Slows the progression of osteoarthritis
Types of Natural Glucosamine
- Glucosamine sulfate: The most common form used in dog supplements
- Glucosamine hydrochloride: More soluble than glucosamine sulfate, but may be less effective
- N-acetylglucosamine (NAG): A precursor to glucosamine that can be synthesized in the body
- Glucosamine chondroitin supplements: Combine glucosamine with chondroitin sulfate, another joint-supporting compound
Considerations
Dosage:
The recommended dosage of glucosamine for dogs varies depending on their size, weight, and level of joint pain. It is important to follow the instructions on the supplement label or consult with a veterinarian.
Side Effects and Interactions:
Glucosamine is generally considered safe for dogs, but it can cause some side effects, such as:
- Gastrointestinal upset (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea)
- Increased thirst and urination
- Allergic reactions (rare)
Glucosamine may interact with certain medications, including:
- Heparin
- Warfarin
- Anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Importance of Consulting a Veterinarian
Before giving your dog glucosamine, it is crucial to consult with a veterinarian. Your veterinarian can assess your dog’s individual needs, recommend the appropriate dosage, and rule out any underlying medical conditions that may be contributing to joint pain.
When to Give Glucosamine
Glucosamine is not a quick fix for all joint problems. It takes time for the supplement to build up in the body and provide benefits. If your dog has acute joint pain or a severe medical condition, your veterinarian may recommend other treatments.
Choosing a Quality Supplement
Not all glucosamine supplements are created equal. Look for products that:
- Contain high-quality glucosamine sulfate
- Are made by a reputable manufacturer
- Have undergone independent testing and certification
- Are free from fillers and unnecessary additives
Conclusion
Natural glucosamine can be a beneficial supplement for dogs with joint pain and stiffness. However, it is important to consider the potential side effects and interactions, and to always consult with a veterinarian before use. With proper guidance and high-quality supplements, glucosamine can help your dog maintain healthy, mobile joints for years to come.
Choosing a High-Quality Supplement
As a responsible dog owner, you want to provide your furry companion with the best possible care. This includes ensuring their joints stay healthy and pain-free throughout their lives. Natural glucosamine supplements can be a valuable tool in this regard, but choosing the right one is crucial. Here’s a comprehensive guide to help you make an informed decision:
Understanding Natural Glucosamine
Glucosamine is a naturally occurring amino sugar that plays a vital role in the formation and maintenance of cartilage, the protective tissue covering the ends of bones. As dogs age, their bodies produce less glucosamine, leading to joint degeneration and discomfort. Natural glucosamine supplements can help replenish these depleted levels and support joint health.
Benefits of Glucosamine for Dogs
Regular administration of natural glucosamine supplements has been shown to provide numerous benefits for dogs, including:
- Reduces joint pain and inflammation
- Promotes joint cartilage regeneration
- Improves mobility and flexibility
- Slows the progression of joint diseases like osteoarthritis
Choosing a Quality Supplement
When selecting a natural glucosamine supplement for your dog, it’s essential to consider the following factors:
1. Pure Ingredients:
Choose products that contain pure glucosamine and no other ingredients. Avoid supplements with unnecessary additives or fillers that can reduce the potency of the glucosamine.
2. Third-Party Certifications:
Look for products that have been certified by independent organizations like the National Animal Supplement Council (NASC) or the Veterinary Orthopedic Society (VOS). These certifications ensure the product meets certain standards of quality and safety.
3. Avoid Fillers and Additives:
Additives like fillers, binders, or artificial flavors can dilute the potency of the glucosamine. Choose supplements that are free from these unnecessary ingredients.
Dosage and Administration
The appropriate dosage of natural glucosamine for dogs will vary depending on their size, age, and activity level. Always consult with your veterinarian to determine the optimal dosage and administration schedule for your dog.
Other Considerations
- Age: Dogs over the age of 7 or those with existing joint issues may benefit more from glucosamine supplementation.
- Activity Level: Active dogs who engage in intense physical activities may require higher doses of glucosamine.
- Health Conditions: Certain health conditions, such as osteoarthritis or hip dysplasia, can also warrant the use of glucosamine supplements.
Conclusion
Choosing a high-quality natural glucosamine supplement for your dog can help support their joint health and well-being. By considering the factors outlined in this guide, you can ensure you’re providing your furry companion with the best possible care. Remember to consult with your veterinarian before administering any supplements to your dog to ensure they are appropriate and safe for their needs.
Alternatives to Natural Glucosamine
Natural glucosamine is often used to support joint health in dogs, but it’s not the only option. Here are several alternatives to consider:
1. Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
NSAIDs, such as Rimadyl and meloxicam, effectively reduce inflammation and pain associated with arthritis. They are typically prescribed for short-term pain relief, as long-term use can have side effects such as stomach ulcers and liver damage.
2. Joint Injections
Joint injections, such as hyaluronic acid and corticosteroids, provide direct relief to the affected joint. Hyaluronic acid is a natural lubricant that helps reduce friction and improve joint mobility. Corticosteroids suppress inflammation and pain. However, injections are not suitable for all dogs and can be costly.
3. Physical Therapy
Physical therapy helps strengthen muscles, improve joint range of motion, and reduce pain. It involves exercises, massage, and other techniques performed by a certified veterinary rehabilitation therapist. Regular physical therapy can be effective in managing arthritis and preventing further joint damage.
Other Alternatives
In addition to the above, other alternatives to natural glucosamine include:
- Chondroitin: A natural compound that helps build cartilage and reduce inflammation.
- MSM: A sulfur compound that supports cartilage health.
- Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Essential fatty acids that have anti-inflammatory properties.
- Green-Lipped Mussel Extract: Contains chondroitin, glucosamine, and other nutrients that support joint health.
Choosing the Right Alternative
The best alternative to natural glucosamine for your dog depends on their individual needs and the severity of their arthritis. A veterinarian can assess your dog’s condition and recommend the most appropriate treatment options.
Considerations
When considering alternatives to natural glucosamine, keep the following in mind:
- Cost: Alternatives such as NSAIDs and joint injections can be expensive, especially for long-term use.
- Side Effects: NSAIDs and corticosteroids have potential side effects that should be carefully monitored.
- Efficacy: The effectiveness of alternatives varies depending on the dog’s condition and individual response.
- Long-Term Effects: Some alternatives, such as physical therapy, may provide long-term benefits by improving mobility and reducing pain.
Conclusion
While natural glucosamine can be a helpful supplement for dogs with arthritis, there are several alternatives that can also provide effective pain relief and support joint health. Consult with your veterinarian to determine the best option for your beloved canine companion.
Monitoring and Evaluation
As a dog pet blogger, it’s essential to provide comprehensive information on the use of natural supplements for our furry companions. Glucosamine, a naturally occurring compound found in healthy cartilage, has gained popularity as a potential remedy for canine joint pain and stiffness. While natural glucosamine can be a valuable addition to a dog’s regimen, it’s crucial to monitor and evaluate its efficacy to ensure optimal results.
Observing the Dog’s Response
After introducing natural glucosamine to your dog’s diet, it’s important to observe their response closely. Dogs may exhibit varying degrees of improvement depending on their individual condition and the severity of their joint pain. Some dogs may show noticeable improvements within a few weeks, while others may require a longer period of time to experience significant effects.
Signs of improvement may include:
- Reduced pain and stiffness
- Increased mobility and activity levels
- Improved appetite and energy levels
- Reduced limping or other signs of discomfort
If your dog does not show any improvement after several weeks of consistent use, it may be necessary to adjust the dosage or consider a different type of glucosamine supplement.
Making Adjustments to Dosage or Supplement Type
The optimal dosage of natural glucosamine for dogs will vary depending on their weight, age, and the severity of their joint pain. Generally, it’s recommended to start with a moderate dose and gradually increase it if necessary.
If your dog does not respond well to the initial dosage, you may need to increase the amount gradually or switch to a different type of glucosamine supplement. There are various forms of glucosamine available, such as capsules, tablets, powder, and liquids. Experiment with different types to find the one that your dog tolerates and responds to best.
Consulting with a Veterinarian
Regular veterinary consultations are essential for monitoring the progress of your dog’s treatment and ensuring that they are receiving the appropriate care. Your veterinarian can assess your dog’s condition, review their response to glucosamine, and make any necessary adjustments to their dosage or supplement type.
They can also rule out any underlying medical conditions that may be contributing to your dog’s joint pain and recommend additional therapies or lifestyle modifications if needed.
Additional Factors to Consider
In addition to the above monitoring and evaluation steps, there are several other factors to consider when using natural glucosamine for dogs:
- Quality of the supplement: Choose glucosamine supplements from reputable manufacturers that provide detailed information about the source and purity of their products.
- Consistency of use: Glucosamine supplements must be given consistently over time to achieve optimal results. Avoid sporadic use or skipping doses.
- Long-term effects: While natural glucosamine is generally considered safe, it’s important to monitor its long-term effects on your dog’s health. Regular veterinary check-ups can help identify any potential issues.
Conclusion
Monitoring and evaluating the efficacy of natural glucosamine for dogs is crucial for ensuring that your pet receives the best possible care. By observing your dog’s response, making adjustments to dosage or supplement type as needed, and consulting with a veterinarian regularly, you can optimize the benefits of this natural remedy and improve your dog’s overall well-being.
Scientific Evidence
Glucosamine is a naturally occurring compound that supports joint health. It plays a vital role in the production of cartilage, which is the shock-absorbing tissue that cushions the joints. As dogs age, their bodies produce less glucosamine, which can lead to joint inflammation and pain.
Clinical Studies
Numerous clinical studies have demonstrated the benefits of natural glucosamine for dogs. One such study, published in the journal “Veterinary Surgery,” found that dogs with hip dysplasia experienced significant reductions in pain and lameness after receiving a combination of glucosamine and chondroitin supplements.
Another study, published in the journal “Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine,” reported that dogs with osteoarthritis showed improvements in mobility, pain, and overall joint function after taking glucosamine supplements. The study also found that glucosamine was safe and well-tolerated by the dogs.
Effectiveness and Safety
Glucosamine has been shown to be effective in reducing joint pain and inflammation, improving mobility, and slowing the progression of osteoarthritis. It is generally safe for dogs to take, with minimal side effects. However, as with any supplement, it is important to consult with your veterinarian before giving glucosamine to your dog, especially if they have any underlying health conditions.
Mechanism of Action
Glucosamine acts in several ways to support joint health:
- Stimulates cartilage production: Glucosamine provides the building blocks necessary for the production of new cartilage.
- Reduces inflammation: Glucosamine inhibits the production of inflammatory cytokines, which can contribute to joint pain and stiffness.
- Protects cartilage from damage: Glucosamine helps to strengthen the cartilage matrix and protect it from degradation.
- Improves joint lubrication: Glucosamine helps to increase the production of synovial fluid, which lubricates the joints and reduces friction.
Sources of Natural Glucosamine
Natural glucosamine can be found in various sources, including:
- Animal bones and cartilage: Chicken necks, turkey necks, and beef knuckles are good sources of natural glucosamine.
- Glucosamine supplements: Glucosamine supplements are available in various forms, including tablets, capsules, and powders.
Dosage and Administration
The recommended dosage of glucosamine for dogs varies depending on their weight and the severity of their joint problems. It is best to consult with your veterinarian to determine the appropriate dosage for your pet.
Glucosamine supplements can be given orally, mixed with food or water. It is essential to administer glucosamine regularly, as it takes several weeks to show significant effects.
Conclusion
Scientific evidence supports the use of natural glucosamine for dogs to improve joint health and reduce pain associated with osteoarthritis. Glucosamine supplements have been shown to be effective, safe, and well-tolerated by dogs. If you are concerned about your dog’s joint health, consider discussing the use of natural glucosamine with your veterinarian.